Shape and Structure
This mountain is located in the Central Flores Island, Endeh District, also called Mount Geli or Mutu. It is at 1640 m above sea level. This mountain has 3 craters are: Tiwu Ata Mbupu, Tiwu Nua Muri Kooh Fai, Tiwu Ata Polo. Mount Kelimutu is belong to strato type volcano.
According to Neuman van Padang (1951) northeast caldera named Sukaria there is a compound volcano with a slope that can develop long straight lineament to the east. Granite buried here about 3 km to the north Kelido area and 2 km to the south of the Kelibara area which is height 1630 m.
Peak which extends 2 km to the west northwest direction, east southeast, and contains 3 pieces craters that all contain a lake.
Ata Mbupu Tiwu, northwest of the valley has a very steep wall of a crater with size of 850x700m rising in the east of an older crater with diameters of 600 m.
Double crater Nua Tiwu Kooh Fai and Tiwu Ata Polo surrounded by a dike ring with “C” shape. It is irregular with a diameter of 1200 m identified by Kemmerling (1929). In August 1932 Stehn (1940) found a large area of collapse sink outside the crater slopes of Tiwu Ata Mbupu and Tiwu Nua Muri Kooh Fai. Because of its embankment, the circle “C” shape is not present.
Kemmerling (1929) analyzed the rocks as follows:
1. A bomb from hyperstene alkaline andesite or basalt. According to Neuman van Padang (1951) northeast caldera named Sukaria there is a compound volcano with a slope that can develop long straight lineament to the east. Granite buried here about 3 km to the north Kelido area and 2 km to the south of the Kelibara area which is height 1630 m.
Peak which extends 2 km to the west northwest direction, east southeast, and contains 3 pieces craters that all contain a lake.
Ata Mbupu Tiwu, northwest of the valley has a very steep wall of a crater with size of 850x700m rising in the east of an older crater with diameters of 600 m.
Double crater Nua Tiwu Kooh Fai and Tiwu Ata Polo surrounded by a dike ring with “C” shape. It is irregular with a diameter of 1200 m identified by Kemmerling (1929). In August 1932 Stehn (1940) found a large area of collapse sink outside the crater slopes of Tiwu Ata Mbupu and Tiwu Nua Muri Kooh Fai. Because of its embankment, the circle “C” shape is not present.
Kemmerling (1929) analyzed the rocks as follows:
2. Obsidian.
3. Andesite lava flow or basalt hyperstene
4. Inclusion of the burned clay.
Tabel of Kelimutu Mount Details:
The size is based on Kemmerling (1929). The water color change from year to year, may be directly related to the magmatic activities. The color pattern is also caused by some kind of algae (Niloperbowo, 1972).
Eruption activity
According to old residents in the surrounding volcanoes, the three lakes have been there throughout history. Only the crater wall between the two eastern lakes was much wider and had the same height as the other wall. The eruption occurred between 1860-1870.
• 1967, in the September, water color of Lake Tiwu Nua Muri Kooh Fai changed from green to white. This is caused because more sulfur is deposited by fumarole uplifting or increasing its activity.
• 1968, Kusumadinata reported the eruption happened in water Tiwu Nua Muri Kooh Fai on June 3. This phenomenon is preceded by a hissing sound followed by a spray of blackish brown water in the west of the lake. Spray occurs in more than one place and reach the high altitude about 10 m.
• 1973, according Suryo there is no significant change, only the water of lake Tiwu Ata Mbupu look black.
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